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After the export from the nucleus it turns out that all mRNAs are not treated
equally. Not only is mRNA subject to translation, but also through RNA-binding
proteins and other trans-acting factors, eukaryotic cells interpret codes for
spatial sorting within the mRNA sequence. These codes instruct the cytoskeleton
and translation apparatus to make decisions about where to transport and when to
translate the intended protein product. Signaling pathways decode extra-cellular
cues and can modify transport and translation factors in the appropriate
cytoplasmic space to achieve translation locally. Identifying regulatory sites
on transport factors as well as novel physiological functions for well-known
translation factors has provided significant advances in how spatially
controlled translation impacts cell function. |
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